By endowing living beings with features that are not inherent to them, nature thereby provides them with their guardianship. Consider, for example, the representative of arthropod arachnids - the spider. Due to the selfishness of these creatures, they, as a rule, get food alone and only for themselves, but there are exceptions when hunting is carried out collectively - by a pack.
For a successful hunt, nature gave them various skills necessary for this and amazing wit. When hunting, they use a large arsenal of ingenious tricks:
- Trap from web networks;
- Web shooting;
- Putting prey into a trance state of hypnosis;
- Carefully planned traps.
Wonderful creation of nature - web
A person does not even imagine how fabulous this thing of nature is when, bumping into a web in a park, he brushes it off his face with irritability. If the length of the ordinary web were equal to the length of the equator, then it would have a mass of only about 0.4 kg. It turns out that the simplest spider has in its asset the strongest and most elastic material that is found on planet Earth. By isolating an adhesive component for lubricating cobwebs, a spider can weave them of various lengths and thicknesses.
Using thin web threads stretched in different directions from their shelter, a spider, which by nature has low vision, has the ability to communicate with the environment. The web is its material for construction.Also, with its help, a spider extends its genus and habitat - a flying web takes its offspring away from the place of birth.
The most famous hunter spiders
Digger Spider (Atypical Tarantula)
Its name comes from the fact that he digs a hole in the soil and weaves a “spider web roof” above it, which even at close range looks like a small mound. As soon as the prey approaches this place, the spider rushes at it and drags it into its home.
Spider webbed (weaving a web) and his brother Karakurt (a type of black widow)
These spiders build their nets closer to the ground, using dry threads for this. Beacons are stretched to different edges from the network - sticky, like the entire web, threads.
Ambush spider
It differs in that it does not weave and does not arrange the network. He waits for the victim, sitting in his cobweb nest under the tree bark or under the cobblestone, attacking the prey at the moment of its approach.
Horse spider
He is an atypical representative among his brothers. For hunting, he does not set trap nets, does not make shelters. Seeing his prey even exceeding it in size, he jumps on it. He insures his jump, securing himself with a thread to the place of the jump.
Wolf spider
Corresponds to the name - active at night, constantly exploring the area in search of food.
Water Spider (Silver Spider)
It is hunted from underwater cobwebs with air bubbles. In them, he expects a victim, occasionally floating up to gain air.
Orb spider
Typical hunter weaving nets. Its web has a completely stereotyped image - round, with rays diverging from the central part.The "hunter" is in the middle, holding the thread with his paws, and tracks the situation. The signal of a special beacon informs that the insect has fallen into a trap and indicates the place where this happened. The spider moves there and turns the prey into a lump, having previously entangled it with a web.
Wood Spider (a species of tarantula spider)
It lives in the tropics, living in the forests. A round web forms between two trees, reaching two meters in size, able to withstand the ingress of a small bird and hold it, not to mention insects caught.
Funnel spider
It is directly related to the "ambush." He makes a nest in the shape of a funnel, fastens it in stones, on fallen trees, in densely growing herbs. While in the funnel, he waits for the victim, grabs it and pulls it towards him.
This is only a small part of all existing species of spiders, of which there are about forty thousand. Nature likes variety, evidence of this is the creation of a huge variety of arachnid creatures.
